高中英语虚拟语气语法总结 第1篇

虚拟语气有哪些用法

1.虚拟条件句的`三种基本类型：与现在事实相反、与过去事实相反、与将来事实相反。

2.与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式，主句谓语用xxxuld（would,could,might）+动词原形。

3.与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用xxxuld（would,could,might）+have+过去分词。

4.与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用xxxuld（would,could,might）+动词原形。

高中英语虚拟语气语法总结 第2篇

一.什么是虚拟语气

虚拟语气主要用来表示假设，而非客观存在的事实，所陈述的是一个条件，不一定是事实，甚至完全与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。

英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。虚拟语气表示说话者做出的假设而非事实，或难以实现的情况，甚至表达彻底相反的概念。此外如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气。

二.虚拟语气的用法有哪些

一.虚拟语气在简单句中的用法: 谓语动词用原形或may +动词原形

1.表示祝愿

a. Long live our country.

2.表示命令

a. Everybody leave the room.

二.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法: (使用虚拟语气的含条件句的复合句称为真实条件句)

1.表示与现在事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语用动词的过去式 (be动词的过去式多用were, 而不用was), 主句的谓语用xxxuld / would / could / might +动词原形 (xxxuld多用于第一人称, would多用于二三人称, could / might可用于所有人称)

2.表示与过去事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语用had done形式, 主句的谓语用xxxuld / would / could / might + have done的形式

3.表示与将来事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语形式是: ①.完全动词过去式 (be的过去式通常用were); ②.xxxuld +动词原形; ③.were to do. 其中②, ③种情况都含有出乎意料之外之意; 主句的谓语的形式是: xxxuld / would / could / might +动词原形

三.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中用法的几个变体:

1.条件从句省略if: 在书面语中, 如果条件从句中的谓语中有were, had, xxxuld等词, 可将if省略, 而把were, had, xxxuld放在句首

2.省略条件从句或主句, 省略部分的含义仍有所体现. 省略主句时, 表示己不能实现的愿望

3.主从句时间不一致时, 主从句谓语动词的形式取决于要表示的具体时间

4.假设的条件不以条件从句, 而以其他方式如介词短语、从句等表达出来, 这种句子称为含蓄条件句

四.虚拟语气在as if / though从句中的用法:

1.表示与现在事实相反或对相在情况有所怀疑, as if / though从句谓语用过去式

a. He speaks English so well as if she had studied English in England.

b. She looked as if she were ill.

2.表示与过去事实相反的情况, as if / though从句谓语用过去完成式

a. The machines operated as if it had been repaired.

五.虚拟语气在含even if / though从句的复合句中的用法:

在此类复合句中, 若表示与事实相反, 可用虚拟语气形式. 主从句的谓语动词形式与非真实条件句相同

a. Even if I were rich, I would work.

六.虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法:

如果表示说话人的看法, 想法或意见, 在句型 It is / was + adj. + that从句中, 主语从句中可用虚拟语气. 主语从句中谓语动词用xxxuld do表示现在或将来情况, 用xxxuld have done表示过去情况

七.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法:

1.在wish的宾语从句中, 通常表示不可能实现或没有实现的愿望, 常用虚拟语气

①.wish的宾语从句用过去式, 表示现在或将来没有实现或不可能实现的愿望

②.wish的宾语从句用过去完成式, 表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望

③.wish的宾语从句若用would, 则一般表示请求, 对现状不满或希望未来有所改变

2.在动词suggest (建议), advise (建议), demand (要求), require (要求), order (命令), insist (坚持)后的宾语从句中, 谓语动词常用( xxxuld )+动词原形的虚拟语气形式

高中英语虚拟语气语法总结 第3篇

本组试题将把你带进一个全新的虚拟世界，让你体验解题的无穷乐趣，在你享受快乐的同时，你的解题能力和技巧也会在不知不觉中提高。

1. I ________ that the old man had lived with his daughter ten years ago， but he is still living alone.

A. think B. was thinking C. had thought D. have thought

2. I ________ to go to your birthday party， but I had to look after my mother in hospital.

A. loved B. have loved C. xxxuld love D. xxxuld have loved

3. They ________ a lecture at 8：30， but they had to put it off because the speaker didn't arrive on time.

A. were to have held

B. were to hold

C. held

D. had held

4. I would rather not ________ with her about it， but I didn't control my feelings at that time.

A. quarrel B. to quarrel C. have quarreled D. had quarreled

5. - I can't recite the poem.

- Well， you are supposed ________ it many times yesterday evening.

A. to read B. to have read C. reading D. having read

6. If I ________ in health， I ________ swimming in the lake with them yesterday.

A. was； went

B. was； was going

C. were; would go

D. had been； would have gone

7. I went to see my uncle last night. Otherwise， I ________ Mr. Smith at my house.

A. met B. would meet C. had met D. would have met

参考答案与简析：

1. C。一些表心理活动的动词（如think， suppose，guess， hope等）可用“过去完成时或一般过去时后接宾语从句”表示一个“与事实不符的过去的想法、猜想或希望”。

2. D。可用“xxxuld / would + have liked / loved + to do sth.”表示“过去本来想要做某事而未曾做到”。

3. A。可用“was / were + to have done sth.”表示“过去本来计划、安排做某事，但并未做到”。

4. C。可用“would rather + have done sth.”表示“主观上本来宁愿做某事，而实际上却没有做”，用否定式则表示“主观上本来宁愿不做某事，而实际上却做了”。

5. B。be supposed有“应该”之意，后面只接不定式，若不定式用完成式，表示“过去本来应该做某事，而实际上没有去做”，用否定式意思相反，此用法也含有批评、责备、抱怨之意。

6. D。当if条件状语从句表示对过去情况的假设时，从句谓语用had done，主句用would have done。

7. D。有时虚拟if条件从句不出现，而是通过某些词语（如otherwise， or， without， but for， but等）暗示虚拟语境，这时句子要用虚拟语气，注意要准确判断时间，决定句子谓语动词形式。此题显然与过去相关。

高中英语虚拟语气语法总结 第4篇

would rather的.近义词：as soon.

as soon.

释义：宁愿。

语法：指未发生的动作。时态规律是“主将从现”，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。

例句：

As soon as we found this out, we closed the ward.

我们一发现此事就关闭了病房。

高中英语虚拟语气语法总结 第5篇

从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would／could／might＋动词原形”。

例句：

Her head felt as if it would burst.

她觉得头要爆裂了。

He made as if to speak.

他似乎要说点什么。

I don't feel as if I belong here.

我在这里感觉格格不入。

I felt as if my heart had stopped.

我觉得好像我的心都不跳了。

I can remember our wedding as if it were yesterday.

我们的婚礼我记忆犹新，就像昨天一样。

高中英语虚拟语气语法总结 第6篇

考研英语虚拟语气三种不同用法

虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气， 表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感时，也用虚拟语气。即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法，愿望，假想，猜测，怀疑或建议，而不是根据客观实际，就用虚拟语气。

下面，专家们就为广大的的考生们详细地分析一下虚拟语气的三种用法，以供大家参考。

一、 虚拟语气在状语从句中的运用

虚拟语气在状语从句中的运用除了可以表示条件外，还可以表示比较、结果、目的等。虚拟语气用于表示条件的状语从句中，一般称为虚拟条件句。根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句中谓语动词时态的变化可能有三种形式，即现在、过去和将来。

If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and

gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook,values, education,

and class。( TEXT1)

这是一个含有条件状语从句的复合句。If it did是条件状语从句。主句中主语是it；谓语动词有两个，分别是would open up.。.和look for...。

这是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用一般过去时，主句用would+动词原形open up和look for。

参考译文：如果它能注意这个问题的话，它就会拓展其雇员多样化项目，而目前的项目只单纯考虑招收不同种族和性别的员工，去雇佣那些在世界观、价值观、教育背景及社会阶层方面各不相同的记者。

二、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用

虚拟语气除了用作状语从句中外，还可以用作主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句等名词性从中。

第一， 虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用

当it作形式主语，后面用形容词作表语，即在it is + adj。这样的句型中，当描述主语的表语形容词是advisable，critical，crucial，desirable，essential，imperative，important，

incredible，inevitable，necessary，recommend，strange，urgent等形容词时，主语从句的谓语动词多用虚拟语气，如果是现在时，谓语动词用xxxuld/would +动词原形(xxxuld/would经常省略)；如果是过去时，则用xxxuld/would + have done的形式。

It was inevitable that this primacy xxxuld have narrowed as other countries grew

richer. Just as inevitably，the retreat from predominance proved painful。

这是一个含有主语从句的'复合句。句首的It是形式主语，真正主语是that从句，该主语从句使用了虚拟语气xxxuld+完成时。(  TEXT1)参考译文：随着其他国家日益富裕，美国的这一优势地位逐渐下降是不可避免的。惟其不可避免，从优势地位上退出愈发痛苦不堪。

第二， 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用

表示“建议、请求、命令、要求”等主观意向的词(如：suggest、advise、assume、decide、demand、desire、insist、propose、order、recommend、require、suggest……)，引导宾语从句时需用虚拟语气。虚拟语气中的格式很固定：谓语动词用xxxuld+动词原形，xxxuld可以省略。注意这种句型中的虚拟语气形式不受主句动词时态的影响。Theories concerning on the individual suggest t

高中英语虚拟语气语法总结 第7篇

有时用虚拟语气，若表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时;若表示与过去事实相反，用过去完成时;表示将来的可能性不大，用would (might, could)+动词原形。

它的常规用法相信同学们都很熟悉，今天小牛英语要跟大家强调两点罕见情况。

(1) 从句所表示的内容若为事实或可能为事实，也可用陈述语气：

It looks as if we'll be late. 我们似乎要迟到了。

This meat tastes as if it has already gone bad. 这肉吃起来似乎已经坏了。

在现代英语中，有时即使从句内容不是事实，也可能用陈述语气：

I feel as if [as though] I'm floating on air. 他感到好像漂浮在空中。

The stuffed dog barked as if it is [were, was] a real one. 玩具狗叫起来像真狗。

(2) 注意 It isn't as if…的翻译：

It isn't as if he were poor. 他不像穷的样子(或他又不穷)。

It isn't as if you were going away for good. 又不是你离开不回来了。

高中英语虚拟语气语法总结 第8篇

without作表语的用法

without引出的'介词短语通常用作状语,但有时也可用作表语.如：

She is completely without shame.她恬不知耻.

My investigations were without result.我的调查毫无结果.

without后接复合宾语的用法

without后接复合宾语的常用结构如下：

宾语+介词短语

We'd be better off without them as neighbors.要是没有这些邻居,我们就过得更愉快了.

I don't like sweet coffee; I like it better without sugar in it.我不喜欢加糖的咖啡,里边不加糖我更喜欢.

宾语+副词

I'd be lost without you here.没有你在这儿,我会一筹莫展.

I'm very near-sighted without my glasses on.我要是不戴眼镜十分近视.

宾语+动名词

Without anyone noticing,he slipped through the window.无人注意,他从窗户溜了出去.

They debated for hours without a decision being taken.他们争论了几个小时,也没作出决定.

宾语+过去分词

Without another word exchanged,they started off.没有再交谈一句,他们就出发了.

宾语+不定式

Without anyone to help,how can we go on?没有人帮忙,我们怎么能进行下去?

It was boring to sit there without anything to do.无所事事地坐在那里太无聊了.

高中英语虚拟语气语法总结 第9篇

一.虚拟语气在简单句中的用法: 谓语动词用原形或may +动词原形

1.表示祝愿 a. Long live our country. b. May you succeed. c. May you be happy all your life.

2.表示命令 a. Everybody leave the room.

二.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法: (使用虚拟语气的含条件句的复合句称为“真实条件句”)

1.表示与现在事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语用动词的过去式 (be动词的过去式多用were, 而不用was), 主句的谓语用xxxuld / would / could / might +动词原形 (xxxuld多用于第一人称, would多用于二三人称, could / might可用于所有人称)

a. If I had more time, I xxxuld study computer better. b. If he were not so busy, she would attend the meeting this afternoon. c. If they didn’t take exercises every day, they wouldn’t be so healthy.

d. If you went to bed earlier, you would not be so sleepy in the morning. e. If she invited me, I xxxuld go to the party.

2.表示与过去事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语用had done形式, 主句的谓语用xxxuld / would / could / might + have done的形式 a. If she had invited me yesterday, I xxxuld have gone to the party.

b. I would have checked my paper again if I had had more time at yesterday’s exam.

c. If you had taken the teacher’s advice, you would not have failed in the exam.

3.表示与将来事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语形式是: ①.完全动词过去式 (be的过去式通常用were); ②.xxxuld +动词原形; ③.were to do. 其中②, ③种情况都含有“出乎意料之外”之意; 主句的谓语的形式是: xxxuld / would / could / might +动词原形 a. If she xxxuld invite me tomorrow, I xxxuld go to the party.

b. If it rained / xxxuld rain / were to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.

c. If I saw him tomorrow, I would pass your note to him. d. I might come back if I were to miss the train.

三.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中用法的几个变体:

1.条件从句省略if: 在书面语中, 如果条件从句中的谓语中有were, had, xxxuld等词, 可将if省略, 而把were, had, xxxuld放在句首 a. Were I you (=If I were you ), I would get up early very early.

b. Had you arrived (=If you had arrived ) at the station ten minutes earlier yesterday, you could have caught the train.

2.省略条件从句或主句, 省略部分的含义仍有所体现. 省略主句时, 表示己不能实现的愿望

a. You could have done it yourself (if you had wanted to). b. I wouldn’t smoke (if I were you).

c. If my old friends were with me! (要是老朋友和我在一起该多好啊) d. If you could have seen the wonderful film!

3.主从句时间不一致时, 主从句谓语动词的形式取决于要表示的具体时间

a. You would speak English well if you had practised speaking it every day.

b. If she hadn’t trained so hard, she wouldn’t be able to run so fast.

4.假设的条件不以条件从句, 而以其他方式如介词短语、从句等表达出来, 这种句子称为含蓄条件句

a. What would you do with a million dollars? b. Without/But for music, the world would be a dull place.

c. We could have done better with more money. d. He would have given you more help, but he has been so busy.

e. He must have been very busy, or he could not have won the game.

f. I’m really very busy, otherwise, I would certainly take you to visit the zoo.

四.虚拟语气在as if / though从句中的用法:

1.表示与现在事实相反或对相在情况有所怀疑, as if / though从句谓语用过去式

a. He speaks English so well as if she had studied English in England. b. She looked as if she were ill.

2.表示与过去事实相反的情况, as if / though从句谓语用过去完成式

a. The machines operated as if it had been repaired.

**as if 从句也可表示真实情况，谓语动词用陈述语气 a. It looks as if it is going to rain.

五.虚拟语气在含even if / though从句的复合句中的用法:

在此类复合句中, 若表示与事实相反, 可用虚拟语气形式. 主从句的谓语动词形式与非真实条件句相同

a. Even if I were rich, I would work.

六.虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法:

如果表示说话人的看法, 想法或意见, 在句型 “It is / was + adj. + that从句”中, 主语从句中可用虚拟语气. 主语从句中谓语动词用xxxuld do表示现在或将来情况, 用xxxuld have done表示过去情况

a. It is necessary that you xxxuld clean the lab before you left. b. It is important that you xxxuld take the doctor’s advice.

c. It was very strange that he xxxuld have left without say goodbye.

七.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法:

1.在wish的宾语从句中, 通常表示不可能实现或没有实现的愿望, 常用虚拟语气

①.wish的宾语从句用过去式, 表示现在或将来没有实现或不可能实现的愿望

a. I wish I knew the result of the match now. b. I wish it were spring here all the year round.

c. I wish I could help you. d. I wish I were young.

②.wish的宾语从句用过去完成式, 表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望

a. We wish we had got the film tickets last night. b. I wish you I had met him yesterday.

③.wish的宾语从句若用would, 则一般表示请求, 对现状不满或希望未来有所改变

a. I wish the prices would come down. b. I wish you would help me.

c. I wish he would be more careful. d. We wish you would spend the holiday with us.

2.在动词suggest (建议), advise (建议), propose, demand (要求), require (要求), order (命令), insist (坚持)后的宾语从句中, 谓语动词常用“( xxxuld )+动词原形”的虚拟语气形式

a. I suggested that we xxxuld go there at once. b. I demand that he xxxuld answer me at once.

c. The doctor insisted that the patient xxxuld stay in bed for two weeks. d. The officer ordered that the soldiers xxxuld stop playing.

与名词suggestion建议 / advice 建议 / demand要求 / request要求 / order命令有关的从句(包括同位语从句、表语从句、主语从句等)中的谓语也用 “( xxxuld ) +动词原形”

a. The black people made a strong demand that the government ( xxxuld ) take steps to change the unfair situation.

b. Their demand is that the government xxxuld take steps to change the unfair situation.

c. I was Bill’s suggestion that everybody xxxuld have a map. d. His suggestion was that everybody xxxuld have a map.

e. What do you think of their proposal that we xxxuld all speak English at the meeting?

f. It is requested that she xxxuld sing a song at the birthday party.

**注意，含上述动词的简单句不用虚拟语气

a. The officer ordered his men to start before daybreak. b. The salesman suggested us /our trying another xxxp.

**注意，suggest解释“表明、暗示”、insist解释“坚持说、硬要说”，则不用虚拟。

a. The man’s expression suggested that he was very sad. ` b. Tony suggested that he had not broken the vase.

八.虚拟语气用在句型: It is (high) time that…(该做某事了)中: that从句中的谓语动词用过去式

a. It is time we got up.

九.虚拟语气用在if only引导的感叹句中: 表示“但愿…”, “要是…就好了”, 其中谓语形式与wish的宾语从句相同

a. If only he didn’t drive so fast! ( =I wish he didn’t drive so fast.)

b. If only he had taken the doctor’s advice. ( =I wish he had taken the doctor’s advice.)

c. If only the rain would stop! ( =I wish the rain would stop.)

十.虚拟语气用在would rather / prefer后的that从句中: 表示现在或将来情况谓语动词用过去时形式, 表示过去情况动词用过去完成时形式

a. I would rather he came next Saturday. b. I would prefer you had seen the film yesterday.

c. I would rather that he painted the house blue.

高中英语虚拟语气语法总结 第10篇

虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。下面分别介绍虚拟语气在各种句式中的用法。

1. 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句

注意:主句中的xxxuld通常用于第一人称,would可用于任何人称,同时也可根据意思用情态动词could, might等代替xxxuld, would。

1)表示与现在事实相反:

If I were you, I xxxuld stay at home.

If the peasants could farm the land themselves, food production would be much higher.

If fewer cash crops were grown, more food could be produced and there would be less or no starvation.

2)表示与过去事实相反:

If you had come yesterday, you would have met him.

If the hurricane had happened during the daytime, there would have been many deaths.

3)表示与将来事实相反:If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting.

If it were to/xxxuld rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.

If it xxxuld rain, the crops would be saved.

4)当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。例如:If you had followed the doctor's advice, you would be quite all right now. (从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在.)

5)以上句型可以转换成下列形式:①从句省略if,用倒装句式“were, had, xxxuld+主语”。例如:Were I in school again, I would work harder. Had you been here earlier, you would have seen him. Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come.②用介词短语代替条件状语从句。例如:Without air, there would be no living things. I would not have succeeded but for your help.

2.虚拟语气用于宾语从句

1)“wish+宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望,汉语可译为“可惜……”、“……就好了”、“悔不该……”、“但愿……”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用过去式;表示将来不能实现的愿望,用“would(could)+动词原形”;表示过去不能实现的愿望,用“had+过去分词”或“(could)would + have + 过去分词”。例如:

I wish we could go to the seaside today.

I wish you told me earlier.

We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.

2)虚拟语气在动词arrange, command, demand, desire, insist, order, propose, request, require, suggest 等后面的宾语从句中,用“(xxxuld)+动词原形”。例如:

I suggested that the meeting (xxxuld) be put off.

The doctor ordered that she (xxxuld) stay in bed for a few days.

They demanded that the black people xxxuld be treated as well as white people.

注意:insist作“力言”、“强调”解时,宾语从句不用虚拟语气。只有当insist作“坚持(应该)”解时,宾语从句才用虚拟语气。例如:

Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.

I insisted that you give me my money back.

3.虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句做advice, idea, order, demand, plan, proposal, suggestion, request 等名词的表语从句和同位语从句,其谓语动词要用虚拟语气的结构“(xxxuld)+动词原形”。例如:

We all agreed to his suggestion that we (xxxuld)go to Beijing for sightseeing.

My idea is that he (xxxuld) do exercises first.

4.虚拟语气用于以as if(as though)引导的表语从句或状语从句

如果从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时;表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用“had+过去分词”;表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用“would(might, could )+动词原形”。例如:

He looked at me as if I were mad.

He speaks English so fluently as if he had studied English in England.

It looks as if it might rain.

但as if(as though)后的从句也常用陈述语气,这是因为从句中的情况往往是可能发生的或可能被设想为真实的。例如:

It looks as if our side is going to win.

5.虚拟语气用于主语从句

在主语从句中,谓语动词的虚拟语气结构用“xxxuld+动词原形”的结构,表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等。例如:

It is necessary (important, natural, desirable, advisable, strange, etc.) that we xxxuld clean the room every day.

It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that you xxxuld be so careless.

It will be desired (suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.) that she xxxuld finish her homework this afternoon.

在上述三种主语从句中,xxxuld意为“应该”、“竟然”,可以省去,但不可换用would。主句所用动词的时态不限。

注意:这种从句表示的是事实。如果说话人对这种事实表示惊奇,就可用虚拟语气。反之,如果不表示惊奇,that从句也可用陈述语气。例如:

It is strange that he did not come yesterday.

It is a pity that you can't swim.

高中英语虚拟语气语法总结 第11篇

虚拟语气倒装的例句

Were I Tom，I would refuse.

如果我是汤姆，我会拒绝。

Should it be necessary，I would go.

假若有必要，我会去的。

Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived on time.

若不是天气坏，我们就准时到达了。

Should he agree to go there，we would send him there.

要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去了。

Were she here，she would agree with us.

如果她在这儿的.话，她会同意我们的。